Data / Timor-Leste / Profile

Timor-Leste in figures

A profile of Timor-Leste from official statistics: 18 figures in 4 sections, each with its period, its change from a year earlier, its rank among similar places where a ranking exists, and its source.

Figures last updated on 2026-10-12.

People

Population in Timor-Leste was 1.42 million in 2025, up 1.3% from 2024, and the 63rd lowest of 215 countries.

Population1.42 million2025Up 1.3% from 2024The 63rd lowest of 215 countries
Population growth rate1.09%2023Down 0.32 percentage points from 2022The 107th highest of 215 countries
Median age, July 1 estimate20.97 years2023, estimatedUp 0.33 years from 2022The 52nd lowest of 236 countries
Population aged 65 and over5.3%2023Down 0.1 percentage points from 2022
Population density94.2 inhabitants per km²2024Up 1.2% from 2023
Net migration-5,6202023Compared with -5,519 in 2022
800K1M1.2M1.4M1.6M20012005200920132017202120252001: 812,249 persons2002: 879,159 persons2003: 916,878 persons2004: 929,074 persons2005: 948,311 persons2006: 976,597 persons2007: 1,004,889 persons2008: 1,032,429 persons2009: 1,058,782 persons2010: 1,084,679 persons2011: 1,110,207 persons2012: 1,134,885 persons2013: 1,158,695 persons2014: 1,181,903 persons2015: 1,205,131 persons2016: 1,228,312 persons2017: 1,251,703 persons2018: 1,275,959 persons2019: 1,300,945 persons2020: 1,326,053 persons2021: 1,350,139 persons2022: 1,369,295 persons2023: 1,384,286 persons2024: 1,400,638 persons2025: 1,418,517 persons
Population, 2001 to 2025. persons. Source: World Bank, Population, total (SP.POP.TOTL).

Sources: World Bank, Population, total (SP.POP.TOTL); World Bank, Population growth, annual % (SP.POP.GROW); United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, World Population Prospects 2024, Online Edition. Median age on 1 July, modelled estimates 1950 to 2023; projections excluded; World Bank, Population ages 65 and above, % of total population (SP.POP.65UP.TO.ZS); World Bank, Population density, people per km² of land area (EN.POP.DNST); World Bank, Net migration (SM.POP.NETM). Population and demography statistics and rankings

Work and income

Unemployment rate in Timor-Leste was 2.34% in 2021, with no 2020 figure in the same series to compare.

Unemployment rate2.34%2021No 2020 figure to compare
Employment-population ratio, ages 15 and over65.9%2025Up 0.2 percentage points from 2024The 34th highest of 181 countries
Labor force participation rate, ages 15 and over67%2025Up 0.2 percentage points from 2024The 45th highest of 181 countries
234562001200720102013201620212001: 5.24 %2007: 5.65 %2010: 3.3 %2013: 4.05 %2016: 4.66 %2021: 2.34 %
Unemployment rate, 2001 to 2021. %. Source: International Labour Organization, Unemployment rate by sex and age, total, 15 and over, annual (DF_UNE_DEAP_SEX_AGE_RT).

Sources: International Labour Organization, Unemployment rate by sex and age, total, 15 and over, annual (DF_UNE_DEAP_SEX_AGE_RT); World Bank, Employment to population ratio, 15+, total, %, modeled ILO estimate (SL.EMP.TOTL.SP.ZS); World Bank, Labor force participation rate, total, % of total population ages 15+, modeled ILO estimate (SL.TLF.CACT.ZS). Labor market statistics and rankings

Economy

GDP (US dollars) in Timor-Leste was $1.9 billion in 2025, up 2% from 2024, and the 19th lowest of 199 countries in 2024.

Gross domestic product (GDP), US dollars$1.9 billion2025Up 2% from 2024The 19th lowest of 199 countries in 2024
GDP per capita, US dollars$1,3412025Up 0.7% from 2024The 26th lowest of 199 countries in 2024
Real GDP growth7%2025Up 16.1 percentage points from 2024The 4th lowest of 199 countries in 2024
GDP per capita, PPP (international dollars)4,809 international $2025Up 8.6% from 2024
Trade as a share of GDP95.4%2024Up 6.1 percentage points from 2023
01,0002,0003,0004,00020012005200920132017202120252001: 477.4 USD million2002: 469.5 USD million2003: 490.4 USD million2004: 440.8 USD million2005: 462.3 USD million2006: 453.8 USD million2007: 542.8 USD million2008: 648.5 USD million2009: 726.9 USD million2010: 881.9 USD million2011: 1,042.5 USD million2012: 1,160.6 USD million2013: 1,395.7 USD million2014: 1,447.5 USD million2015: 1,590.3 USD million2016: 1,640.5 USD million2017: 1,584.9 USD million2018: 1,556 USD million2019: 2,032.6 USD million2020: 2,162.6 USD million2021: 3,625 USD million2022: 3,208.6 USD million2023: 2,079.8 USD million2024: 1,865.6 USD million2025: 1,902.2 USD million
Gross domestic product (GDP), US dollars, 2001 to 2025. USD million. Source: World Bank, GDP, current US$ (NY.GDP.MKTP.CD).

Sources: World Bank, GDP, current US$ (NY.GDP.MKTP.CD); World Bank, GDP per capita, current US$ (NY.GDP.PCAP.CD); World Bank, GDP growth, annual % (NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG); World Bank, GDP per capita, PPP (current international $) (NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD); World Bank, Trade, % of GDP (NE.TRD.GNFS.ZS). Economy statistics and rankings

Health

Life expectancy in Timor-Leste was 67.69 years in 2023, up 0.32 years from 2022, and the 51st lowest of 215 countries.

Life expectancy at birth67.69 years2023Up 0.32 years from 2022The 51st lowest of 215 countries
Infant mortality rate34.6 per 1,000 live births2024Down 1.1 per 1,000 live births from 2023Tied for the 34th highest of 195 countries
Adult obesity rate, age-standardized3.6%2024Up 0.3 percentage points from 2023The 3rd lowest of 199 countries
Tobacco use, age-standardized48.8%2023Up 0.2 percentage points from 2022
45505560657019992003200720112015201920231999: 45.25 years2000: 58.1 years2001: 58.77 years2002: 59.48 years2003: 60.13 years2004: 60.74 years2005: 61.27 years2006: 61.88 years2007: 62.4 years2008: 62.86 years2009: 63.27 years2010: 63.66 years2011: 64.02 years2012: 64.38 years2013: 64.72 years2014: 65.03 years2015: 65.33 years2016: 65.61 years2017: 65.9 years2018: 66.2 years2019: 66.5 years2020: 66.92 years2021: 66.2 years2022: 67.37 years2023: 67.69 years
Life expectancy at birth, 1999 to 2023. years. Source: World Bank, Life expectancy at birth, total, years (SP.DYN.LE00.IN).

Sources: World Bank, Life expectancy at birth, total, years (SP.DYN.LE00.IN); World Bank, Mortality rate, infant, per 1,000 live births (SP.DYN.IMRT.IN); World Health Organization, Age-standardized prevalence of obesity among adults (18+ years), both sexes (NCD_BMI_30A); World Health Organization, Age-standardized prevalence of tobacco use among persons 15 years and older (%), both sexes (M_Est_tob_curr_std). Health statistics and rankings

Sources and citations

Each figure comes from the table cited here. Cite the publisher; these citations include any notice the publisher requires.

  1. World Bank, World Development Indicators. Population, total (SP.POP.TOTL). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL. Retrieved 2026-10-09. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
  2. World Bank, World Development Indicators. Population growth, annual % (SP.POP.GROW). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.GROW. Retrieved 2026-10-09. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
  3. United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024, Online Edition. Median age on 1 July, modelled estimates 1950 to 2023; projections excluded. Modelled estimate. https://population.un.org/wpp/assets/Excel%20Files/1_Indicator%20(Standard)/CSV_FILES/WPP2024_Demographic_Indicators_Medium.csv.gz. Retrieved 2026-10-10. CC BY 3.0 IGO.
  4. World Bank, World Development Indicators. Population ages 65 and above, % of total population (SP.POP.65UP.TO.ZS). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.65UP.TO.ZS. Retrieved 2026-10-09. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
  5. World Bank, World Development Indicators. Population density, people per km² of land area (EN.POP.DNST). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.POP.DNST. Retrieved 2026-10-09. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
  6. World Bank, World Development Indicators. Net migration (SM.POP.NETM). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SM.POP.NETM. Retrieved 2026-10-11. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
  7. International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT. Unemployment rate by sex and age, total, 15 and over, annual (DF_UNE_DEAP_SEX_AGE_RT). https://data.ilo.org/vis?df%5Bds%5D=ds-production&df%5Bid%5D=DF_UNE_DEAP_SEX_AGE_RT&df%5Bag%5D=ILO (Accessed on 2026-10-12). Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
  8. World Bank, World Development Indicators, modelled estimate. Employment to population ratio, 15+, total, %, modeled ILO estimate (SL.EMP.TOTL.SP.ZS). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.EMP.TOTL.SP.ZS. Retrieved 2026-10-11. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
  9. World Bank, World Development Indicators, modelled estimate. Labor force participation rate, total, % of total population ages 15+, modeled ILO estimate (SL.TLF.CACT.ZS). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.TLF.CACT.ZS. Retrieved 2026-10-11. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
  10. World Bank, World Development Indicators. GDP, current US$ (NY.GDP.MKTP.CD). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.CD. Retrieved 2026-10-09. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
  11. World Bank, World Development Indicators. GDP per capita, current US$ (NY.GDP.PCAP.CD). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.CD. Retrieved 2026-10-09. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
  12. World Bank, World Development Indicators. GDP growth, annual % (NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG. Retrieved 2026-10-09. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
  13. World Bank, World Development Indicators. GDP per capita, PPP (current international $) (NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD. Retrieved 2026-10-11. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
  14. World Bank, World Development Indicators. Trade, % of GDP (NE.TRD.GNFS.ZS). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.TRD.GNFS.ZS. Retrieved 2026-10-11. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
  15. World Bank, World Development Indicators. Life expectancy at birth, total, years (SP.DYN.LE00.IN). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.DYN.LE00.IN. Retrieved 2026-10-09. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
  16. World Bank, World Development Indicators, modelled estimate. Mortality rate, infant, per 1,000 live births (SP.DYN.IMRT.IN). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.DYN.IMRT.IN. Retrieved 2026-10-11. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
  17. World Health Organization, data.who.int. Age-standardized prevalence of obesity among adults (18+ years), both sexes (NCD_BMI_30A) [Indicator]. https://data.who.int/indicators/i/C6262EC/BEFA58B (Accessed on 2026-10-12). Licensed under CC BY 4.0. No changes made to source values. WHO does not endorse Invokely or this use of the data.
  18. World Health Organization, data.who.int. Age-standardized prevalence of tobacco use among persons 15 years and older (%), both sexes (M_Est_tob_curr_std) [Indicator]. https://data.who.int/indicators/i/847662C/75DDA77 (Accessed on 2026-10-12). Licensed under CC BY 4.0. No changes made to source values. WHO does not endorse Invokely or this use of the data.

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