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Köln, Kreisfreie Stadt in figures

A profile of Köln, Kreisfreie Stadt from official statistics: 15 figures in 3 sections, each with its period, its change from a year earlier, its rank among similar places where a ranking exists, and its source.

Figures last updated on 2026-10-12.

People

Population in Köln, Kreisfreie Stadt was 1.02 million in 2025, up less than 0.1% from 2024, and the 5th highest of 400 areas in Germany.

Population1.02 million2025Up less than 0.1% from 2024The 5th highest of 400 areas in Germany
Natural change rate-1.1 per 1,000 inhabitants2024Up 0.1 per 1,000 inhabitants from 2023 (the 2023 figure is series break)Tied for the 32nd highest of 400 areas in Germany
Median age41.3 years2025Unchanged from 2024Tied for the 27th lowest of 400 areas in Germany
Population aged 65 and over18%2025Up 0.1 percentage points from 2024
Population density2,640.5 inhabitants per km²2024Up 0.2% from 2023 (the 2023 figure is series break)
Net migration including statistical adjustment1,3532024Compared with 4,334 in 2023 (the 2023 figure is series break)
950K1M1.05M1.1M20002004200820122017202120252000: 962,507 persons2001: 962,884 persons2002: 967,940 persons2003: 968,639 persons2004: 965,954 persons2005: 969,709 persons2006: 983,347 persons2007: 989,766 persons2008: 995,397 persons2009: 995,420 persons2010: 998,105 persons2011: 1,002,785 persons2012: 1,013,665 persons2014: 1,034,175 persons2015: 1,046,680 persons2016: 1,060,582 persons2017: 1,075,935 persons2018: 1,080,394 persons2019: 1,085,664 persons2020: 1,087,863 persons2021: 1,083,498 persons2022: 1,073,096 persons2023: 1,021,253 persons2024: 1,024,408 persons2025: 1,024,621 persons950K1M1.05M1.1M2000200920252000: 962,507 persons2001: 962,884 persons2002: 967,940 persons2003: 968,639 persons2004: 965,954 persons2005: 969,709 persons2006: 983,347 persons2007: 989,766 persons2008: 995,397 persons2009: 995,420 persons2010: 998,105 persons2011: 1,002,785 persons2012: 1,013,665 persons2014: 1,034,175 persons2015: 1,046,680 persons2016: 1,060,582 persons2017: 1,075,935 persons2018: 1,080,394 persons2019: 1,085,664 persons2020: 1,087,863 persons2021: 1,083,498 persons2022: 1,073,096 persons2023: 1,021,253 persons2024: 1,024,408 persons2025: 1,024,621 persons
Population, 2000 to 2025. persons. Source: Eurostat, European Commission, Population on 1 January by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_pjanaggr3).

Sources: Eurostat, European Commission, Population on 1 January by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_pjanaggr3); Eurostat, European Commission, Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3); Eurostat, European Commission, Population structure indicators by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_pjanind3); Eurostat, European Commission, Population density by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_d3dens); Eurostat, European Commission, Population change, net migration plus statistical adjustment, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). Population and demography statistics and rankings

Economy

GDP (euros) in Köln, Kreisfreie Stadt was €80.31 billion (provisional) in 2023, up 5.6% from 2022, and the 5th highest of 400 areas in Germany.

Gross domestic product (GDP)€80.31 billion2023, provisionalUp 5.6% from 2022The 5th highest of 400 areas in Germany
GDP per capita€78,5002023, provisionalUp 4.8% from 2022The 28th highest of 400 areas in Germany
GDP per capita in PPS (EU27 = 100)182%2023, provisionalDown 4 percentage points from 2022Tied for the 28th highest of 400 areas in Germany
40K50K60K70K80K90K20002004200820122016202020232000: 41,637 EUR million2001: 44,082 EUR million2002: 43,663 EUR million2003: 43,442 EUR million2004: 44,539 EUR million2005: 43,858 EUR million2006: 46,752 EUR million2007: 49,353 EUR million2008: 47,545 EUR million2009: 47,446 EUR million2010: 48,870 EUR million2011: 49,787 EUR million2012: 50,756 EUR million2013: 53,756 EUR million2014: 57,891 EUR million2015: 62,737 EUR million2016: 63,014 EUR million2017: 65,748 EUR million2018: 68,098 EUR million2019: 69,740 EUR million2020: 66,702 EUR million2021: 70,750 EUR million2022: 76,046 EUR million2023: 80,305 EUR million40K50K60K70K80K90K20002008201620232000: 41,637 EUR million2001: 44,082 EUR million2002: 43,663 EUR million2003: 43,442 EUR million2004: 44,539 EUR million2005: 43,858 EUR million2006: 46,752 EUR million2007: 49,353 EUR million2008: 47,545 EUR million2009: 47,446 EUR million2010: 48,870 EUR million2011: 49,787 EUR million2012: 50,756 EUR million2013: 53,756 EUR million2014: 57,891 EUR million2015: 62,737 EUR million2016: 63,014 EUR million2017: 65,748 EUR million2018: 68,098 EUR million2019: 69,740 EUR million2020: 66,702 EUR million2021: 70,750 EUR million2022: 76,046 EUR million2023: 80,305 EUR million
Gross domestic product (GDP), 2000 to 2023. EUR million. Source: Eurostat, European Commission, GDP at current market prices by NUTS 3 region (nama_10r_3gdp).

Sources: Eurostat, European Commission, GDP at current market prices by NUTS 3 region (nama_10r_3gdp); Eurostat, European Commission, GDP at current market prices by NUTS 3 region, EUR per inhabitant (nama_10r_3gdp); Eurostat, European Commission, GDP per inhabitant in PPS, EU27 = 100, by NUTS 3 region (nama_10r_3gdp). Economy statistics and rankings

Business and tourism

Active enterprises in Köln, Kreisfreie Stadt were 52,376 in 2023, up 0.7% from 2022, and the 4th highest of 400 areas in Germany.

Active enterprises52,3762023Up 0.7% from 2022The 4th highest of 400 areas in Germany
Enterprise births5,0542023Up 2.8% from 2022The 4th highest of 400 areas in Germany
Enterprise birth rate9.65%2023Up 0.2 percentage points from 2022The 25th highest of 400 areas in Germany
Enterprise death rate9.44%2023, provisionalUp 1.37 percentage points from 2022
Nights spent in tourist accommodation7.14 million2025Up 2% from 2024
Nights spent in tourist accommodation by non-residents (foreign guests)2.7 million2025Up 5.8% from 2024
51.3K51.5K51.8K52K52.3K52.5K2021202220232021: 51,264 count2022: 52,006 count2023: 52,376 count51K51.5K52K52.5K2021202220232021: 51,264 count2022: 52,006 count2023: 52,376 count
Active enterprises, 2021 to 2023. count. Source: Eurostat, European Commission, Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprises, number (bd_size_r).

Sources: Eurostat, European Commission, Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprises, number (bd_size_r); Eurostat, European Commission, Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise births, number (bd_size_r); Eurostat, European Commission, Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, birth rate, percentage of active enterprises (bd_size_r); Eurostat, European Commission, Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, death rate, percentage of active enterprises (bd_size_r); Eurostat, European Commission, Nights spent at tourist accommodation establishments by NUTS 2 and 3 region (tour_occ_nin2); Eurostat, European Commission, Nights spent at tourist accommodation establishments by NUTS 3 region, non-residents (foreign country of residence), hotels, holiday accommodation and campsites (tour_occ_nin2). Companies statistics and rankings

Sources and citations

Each figure comes from the table cited here. Cite the publisher; these citations include any notice the publisher requires.

  1. Eurostat. Population on 1 January by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_pjanaggr3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_pjanaggr3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  2. Eurostat. Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  3. Eurostat. Population structure indicators by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_pjanind3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_pjanind3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  4. Eurostat. Population density by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_d3dens). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_d3dens/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  5. Eurostat. Population change, net migration plus statistical adjustment, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  6. Eurostat. GDP at current market prices by NUTS 3 region (nama_10r_3gdp). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10r_3gdp/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  7. Eurostat. GDP at current market prices by NUTS 3 region, EUR per inhabitant (nama_10r_3gdp). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10r_3gdp/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  8. Eurostat. GDP per inhabitant in PPS, EU27 = 100, by NUTS 3 region (nama_10r_3gdp). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10r_3gdp/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  9. Eurostat. Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprises, number (bd_size_r). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd_size_r/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  10. Eurostat. Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise births, number (bd_size_r). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd_size_r/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  11. Eurostat. Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, birth rate, percentage of active enterprises (bd_size_r). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd_size_r/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  12. Eurostat. Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, death rate, percentage of active enterprises (bd_size_r). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd_size_r/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  13. Eurostat. Nights spent at tourist accommodation establishments by NUTS 2 and 3 region (tour_occ_nin2). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/tour_occ_nin2/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
  14. Eurostat. Nights spent at tourist accommodation establishments by NUTS 3 region, non-residents (foreign country of residence), hotels, holiday accommodation and campsites (tour_occ_nin2). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/tour_occ_nin2/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

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