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India in figures

A profile of India from official statistics: 19 figures in 4 sections, each with its period, its change from a year earlier, its rank among similar places where a ranking exists, and its source.

Figures last updated on 2026-10-12.

People

Population in India was 1.46 billion in 2025, up 0.9% from 2024, and the highest of 215 countries.

Population1.46 billion2025Up 0.9% from 2024The highest of 215 countries
Population growth rate0.88%2023Up 0.09 percentage points from 2022The 96th lowest of 215 countries
Median age, July 1 estimate28.06 years2023, estimatedUp 0.38 years from 2022The 91st lowest of 236 countries
Population aged 65 and over6.9%2023Up 0.2 percentage points from 2022
Population density488 inhabitants per km²2024Up 0.9% from 2023
Net migration-979,1792023Compared with -1.35 million in 2022
1B1.1B1.2B1.3B1.4B1.5B20012005200920132017202120252001: 1,077,898,575 persons2002: 1,097,600,380 persons2003: 1,116,803,006 persons2004: 1,135,991,513 persons2005: 1,154,676,322 persons2006: 1,172,878,890 persons2007: 1,190,676,021 persons2008: 1,207,930,964 persons2009: 1,225,524,753 persons2010: 1,243,481,564 persons2011: 1,261,224,954 persons2012: 1,278,674,502 persons2013: 1,295,829,511 persons2014: 1,312,277,191 persons2015: 1,328,024,498 persons2016: 1,343,944,296 persons2017: 1,359,657,400 persons2018: 1,374,659,064 persons2019: 1,389,030,312 persons2020: 1,402,617,695 persons2021: 1,414,203,896 persons2022: 1,425,423,212 persons2023: 1,438,069,596 persons2024: 1,450,935,791 persons2025: 1,463,865,525 persons
Population, 2001 to 2025. persons. Source: World Bank, Population, total (SP.POP.TOTL).

Sources: World Bank, Population, total (SP.POP.TOTL); World Bank, Population growth, annual % (SP.POP.GROW); United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, World Population Prospects 2024, Online Edition. Median age on 1 July, modelled estimates 1950 to 2023; projections excluded; World Bank, Population ages 65 and above, % of total population (SP.POP.65UP.TO.ZS); World Bank, Population density, people per km² of land area (EN.POP.DNST); World Bank, Net migration (SM.POP.NETM). Population and demography statistics and rankings

Work and income

Unemployment rate in India was 4.51% in 2025, up 0.33 percentage points from 2024.

Unemployment rate4.51%2025Up 0.33 percentage points from 2024
Employment-population ratio, ages 15 and over53.3%2025Down less than 0.1 percentage points from 2024The 55th lowest of 181 countries
Labor force participation rate, ages 15 and over55.7%2025Up less than 0.1 percentage points from 2024The 48th lowest of 181 countries
Gini index (World Bank, income or consumption)232023Down 2.5 points from 2022
246819942005201220192021202320251994: 2.15 %2000: 2.73 %2005: 3.8 %2010: 3.12 %2012: 3.22 %2018: 7.65 %2019: 6.51 %2020: 7.86 %2021: 6.38 %2022: 4.82 %2023: 4.17 %2024: 4.17 %2025: 4.51 %
Unemployment rate, 1994 to 2025. %. Source: International Labour Organization, Unemployment rate by sex and age, total, 15 and over, annual (DF_UNE_DEAP_SEX_AGE_RT).

Sources: International Labour Organization, Unemployment rate by sex and age, total, 15 and over, annual (DF_UNE_DEAP_SEX_AGE_RT); World Bank, Employment to population ratio, 15+, total, %, modeled ILO estimate (SL.EMP.TOTL.SP.ZS); World Bank, Labor force participation rate, total, % of total population ages 15+, modeled ILO estimate (SL.TLF.CACT.ZS); World Bank, Gini index (SI.POV.GINI). Labor market statistics and rankings

Economy

GDP (US dollars) in India was $3.96 trillion in 2025, up 5.2% from 2024, and the 5th highest of 199 countries in 2024.

Gross domestic product (GDP), US dollars$3.96 trillion2025Up 5.2% from 2024The 5th highest of 199 countries in 2024
GDP per capita, US dollars$2,7022025Up 4.3% from 2024The 46th lowest of 199 countries in 2024
Real GDP growth7.6%2025Up 0.5 percentage points from 2024The 13th highest of 199 countries in 2024
GDP per capita, PPP (international dollars)11,748 international $2025Up 9.6% from 2024
Trade as a share of GDP46.3%2025Up 0.4 percentage points from 2024
01M2M3M4M20012005200920132017202120252001: 485,440.1 USD million2002: 514,939.1 USD million2003: 607,700.7 USD million2004: 709,152.7 USD million2005: 820,383.8 USD million2006: 940,259.9 USD million2007: 1,216,736.4 USD million2008: 1,198,895.1 USD million2009: 1,341,888 USD million2010: 1,675,615.5 USD million2011: 1,823,051.8 USD million2012: 1,827,637.6 USD million2013: 1,856,721.5 USD million2014: 2,039,126.5 USD million2015: 2,103,588.4 USD million2016: 2,294,796.9 USD million2017: 2,651,474.3 USD million2018: 2,702,929.6 USD million2019: 2,835,606.3 USD million2020: 2,674,851.6 USD million2021: 3,167,270.6 USD million2022: 3,249,938.5 USD million2023: 3,500,906 USD million2024: 3,760,813.5 USD million2025: 3,956,067.1 USD million
Gross domestic product (GDP), US dollars, 2001 to 2025. USD million. Source: World Bank, GDP, current US$ (NY.GDP.MKTP.CD).

Sources: World Bank, GDP, current US$ (NY.GDP.MKTP.CD); World Bank, GDP per capita, current US$ (NY.GDP.PCAP.CD); World Bank, GDP growth, annual % (NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG); World Bank, GDP per capita, PPP (current international $) (NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD); World Bank, Trade, % of GDP (NE.TRD.GNFS.ZS). Economy statistics and rankings

Health

Life expectancy in India was 72 years in 2023, up 0.31 years from 2022, and the 81st lowest of 215 countries.

Life expectancy at birth72 years2023Up 0.31 years from 2022The 81st lowest of 215 countries
Infant mortality rate23.3 per 1,000 live births2024Down 1.2 per 1,000 live births from 2023The 61st highest of 195 countries
Adult obesity rate, age-standardized8%2024Up 0.4 percentage points from 2023The 17th lowest of 199 countries
Tobacco use, age-standardized26.2%2020No 2019 figure to compare
6264666870727419992003200720112015201920231999: 62.28 years2000: 62.75 years2001: 63.16 years2002: 63.65 years2003: 64.09 years2004: 64.48 years2005: 64.94 years2006: 65.37 years2007: 65.8 years2008: 66.25 years2009: 66.7 years2010: 67.16 years2011: 67.62 years2012: 68.08 years2013: 68.5 years2014: 68.93 years2015: 69.33 years2016: 69.71 years2017: 70.07 years2018: 70.42 years2019: 70.75 years2020: 70.16 years2021: 67.28 years2022: 71.7 years2023: 72 years
Life expectancy at birth, 1999 to 2023. years. Source: World Bank, Life expectancy at birth, total, years (SP.DYN.LE00.IN).

Sources: World Bank, Life expectancy at birth, total, years (SP.DYN.LE00.IN); World Bank, Mortality rate, infant, per 1,000 live births (SP.DYN.IMRT.IN); World Health Organization, Age-standardized prevalence of obesity among adults (18+ years), both sexes (NCD_BMI_30A); World Health Organization, Age-standardized prevalence of tobacco use among persons 15 years and older (%), both sexes (M_Est_tob_curr_std). Health statistics and rankings

Sources and citations

Each figure comes from the table cited here. Cite the publisher; these citations include any notice the publisher requires.

  1. World Bank, World Development Indicators. Population, total (SP.POP.TOTL). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL. Retrieved 2026-10-09. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
  2. World Bank, World Development Indicators. Population growth, annual % (SP.POP.GROW). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.GROW. Retrieved 2026-10-09. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
  3. United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024, Online Edition. Median age on 1 July, modelled estimates 1950 to 2023; projections excluded. Modelled estimate. https://population.un.org/wpp/assets/Excel%20Files/1_Indicator%20(Standard)/CSV_FILES/WPP2024_Demographic_Indicators_Medium.csv.gz. Retrieved 2026-10-10. CC BY 3.0 IGO.
  4. World Bank, World Development Indicators. Population ages 65 and above, % of total population (SP.POP.65UP.TO.ZS). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.65UP.TO.ZS. Retrieved 2026-10-09. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
  5. World Bank, World Development Indicators. Population density, people per km² of land area (EN.POP.DNST). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.POP.DNST. Retrieved 2026-10-09. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
  6. World Bank, World Development Indicators. Net migration (SM.POP.NETM). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SM.POP.NETM. Retrieved 2026-10-11. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
  7. International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT. Unemployment rate by sex and age, total, 15 and over, annual (DF_UNE_DEAP_SEX_AGE_RT). https://data.ilo.org/vis?df%5Bds%5D=ds-production&df%5Bid%5D=DF_UNE_DEAP_SEX_AGE_RT&df%5Bag%5D=ILO (Accessed on 2026-10-12). Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
  8. World Bank, World Development Indicators, modelled estimate. Employment to population ratio, 15+, total, %, modeled ILO estimate (SL.EMP.TOTL.SP.ZS). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.EMP.TOTL.SP.ZS. Retrieved 2026-10-11. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
  9. World Bank, World Development Indicators, modelled estimate. Labor force participation rate, total, % of total population ages 15+, modeled ILO estimate (SL.TLF.CACT.ZS). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.TLF.CACT.ZS. Retrieved 2026-10-11. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
  10. World Bank, World Development Indicators. Gini index (SI.POV.GINI). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI. Retrieved 2026-10-09. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
  11. World Bank, World Development Indicators. GDP, current US$ (NY.GDP.MKTP.CD). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.CD. Retrieved 2026-10-09. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
  12. World Bank, World Development Indicators. GDP per capita, current US$ (NY.GDP.PCAP.CD). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.CD. Retrieved 2026-10-09. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
  13. World Bank, World Development Indicators. GDP growth, annual % (NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG. Retrieved 2026-10-09. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
  14. World Bank, World Development Indicators. GDP per capita, PPP (current international $) (NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD. Retrieved 2026-10-11. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
  15. World Bank, World Development Indicators. Trade, % of GDP (NE.TRD.GNFS.ZS). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.TRD.GNFS.ZS. Retrieved 2026-10-11. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
  16. World Bank, World Development Indicators. Life expectancy at birth, total, years (SP.DYN.LE00.IN). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.DYN.LE00.IN. Retrieved 2026-10-09. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
  17. World Bank, World Development Indicators, modelled estimate. Mortality rate, infant, per 1,000 live births (SP.DYN.IMRT.IN). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.DYN.IMRT.IN. Retrieved 2026-10-11. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
  18. World Health Organization, data.who.int. Age-standardized prevalence of obesity among adults (18+ years), both sexes (NCD_BMI_30A) [Indicator]. https://data.who.int/indicators/i/C6262EC/BEFA58B (Accessed on 2026-10-12). Licensed under CC BY 4.0. No changes made to source values. WHO does not endorse Invokely or this use of the data.
  19. World Health Organization, data.who.int. Age-standardized prevalence of tobacco use among persons 15 years and older (%), both sexes (M_Est_tob_curr_std) [Indicator]. https://data.who.int/indicators/i/847662C/75DDA77 (Accessed on 2026-10-12). Licensed under CC BY 4.0. No changes made to source values. WHO does not endorse Invokely or this use of the data.

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