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Essen, Kreisfreie Stadt in figures

A profile of Essen, Kreisfreie Stadt from official statistics: 15 figures in 3 sections, each with its period, its change from a year earlier, its rank among similar places where a ranking exists, and its source.

Figures last updated on 2026-10-12.

People

Population in Essen, Kreisfreie Stadt was 574,682 in 2025, up 0.1% from 2024, and the 15th highest of 400 areas in Germany.

Population574,6822025Up 0.1% from 2024The 15th highest of 400 areas in Germany
Natural change rate-4.1 per 1,000 inhabitants2024Up 0.4 per 1,000 inhabitants from 2023 (the 2023 figure is series break)Tied for the 181st highest of 400 areas in Germany
Median age43.7 years2025Down 0.2 years from 2024Tied for the 68th lowest of 400 areas in Germany
Population aged 65 and over22%2025Up 0.2 percentage points from 2024
Population density2,774.8 inhabitants per km²2024Up 0.2% from 2023 (the 2023 figure is series break)
Net migration including statistical adjustment2,9322024Compared with 4,405 in 2023 (the 2023 figure is series break)
560K570K580K590K600K20002004200820122017202120252000: 599,515 persons2001: 595,243 persons2002: 591,889 persons2003: 585,481 persons2004: 589,499 persons2005: 588,084 persons2006: 585,430 persons2007: 583,198 persons2008: 582,140 persons2009: 579,759 persons2010: 576,259 persons2011: 567,263 persons2012: 565,900 persons2014: 569,884 persons2015: 573,784 persons2016: 582,624 persons2017: 583,084 persons2018: 583,393 persons2019: 583,109 persons2020: 582,760 persons2021: 582,415 persons2022: 579,432 persons2023: 572,237 persons2024: 574,082 persons2025: 574,682 persons560K570K580K590K600K2000200920252000: 599,515 persons2001: 595,243 persons2002: 591,889 persons2003: 585,481 persons2004: 589,499 persons2005: 588,084 persons2006: 585,430 persons2007: 583,198 persons2008: 582,140 persons2009: 579,759 persons2010: 576,259 persons2011: 567,263 persons2012: 565,900 persons2014: 569,884 persons2015: 573,784 persons2016: 582,624 persons2017: 583,084 persons2018: 583,393 persons2019: 583,109 persons2020: 582,760 persons2021: 582,415 persons2022: 579,432 persons2023: 572,237 persons2024: 574,082 persons2025: 574,682 persons
Population, 2000 to 2025. persons. Source: Eurostat, European Commission, Population on 1 January by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_pjanaggr3).

Sources: Eurostat, European Commission, Population on 1 January by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_pjanaggr3); Eurostat, European Commission, Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3); Eurostat, European Commission, Population structure indicators by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_pjanind3); Eurostat, European Commission, Population density by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_d3dens); Eurostat, European Commission, Population change, net migration plus statistical adjustment, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). Population and demography statistics and rankings

Economy

GDP (euros) in Essen, Kreisfreie Stadt was €31.29 billion (provisional) in 2023, up 5.4% from 2022, and the 14th highest of 400 areas in Germany.

Gross domestic product (GDP)€31.29 billion2023, provisionalUp 5.4% from 2022The 14th highest of 400 areas in Germany
GDP per capita€54,6002023, provisionalUp 4.8% from 2022The 83rd highest of 400 areas in Germany
GDP per capita in PPS (EU27 = 100)127%2023, provisionalDown 2 percentage points from 2022Tied for the 80th highest of 400 areas in Germany
15K20K25K30K35K20002004200820122016202020232000: 17,768 EUR million2001: 18,421 EUR million2002: 18,660 EUR million2003: 19,342 EUR million2004: 19,316 EUR million2005: 18,774 EUR million2006: 19,636 EUR million2007: 21,087 EUR million2008: 22,984 EUR million2009: 22,906 EUR million2010: 23,394 EUR million2011: 23,647 EUR million2012: 22,434 EUR million2013: 22,445 EUR million2014: 23,190 EUR million2015: 23,715 EUR million2016: 24,132 EUR million2017: 24,967 EUR million2018: 25,593 EUR million2019: 26,297 EUR million2020: 26,186 EUR million2021: 26,862 EUR million2022: 29,689 EUR million2023: 31,288 EUR million15K20K25K30K35K20002008201620232000: 17,768 EUR million2001: 18,421 EUR million2002: 18,660 EUR million2003: 19,342 EUR million2004: 19,316 EUR million2005: 18,774 EUR million2006: 19,636 EUR million2007: 21,087 EUR million2008: 22,984 EUR million2009: 22,906 EUR million2010: 23,394 EUR million2011: 23,647 EUR million2012: 22,434 EUR million2013: 22,445 EUR million2014: 23,190 EUR million2015: 23,715 EUR million2016: 24,132 EUR million2017: 24,967 EUR million2018: 25,593 EUR million2019: 26,297 EUR million2020: 26,186 EUR million2021: 26,862 EUR million2022: 29,689 EUR million2023: 31,288 EUR million
Gross domestic product (GDP), 2000 to 2023. EUR million. Source: Eurostat, European Commission, GDP at current market prices by NUTS 3 region (nama_10r_3gdp).

Sources: Eurostat, European Commission, GDP at current market prices by NUTS 3 region (nama_10r_3gdp); Eurostat, European Commission, GDP at current market prices by NUTS 3 region, EUR per inhabitant (nama_10r_3gdp); Eurostat, European Commission, GDP per inhabitant in PPS, EU27 = 100, by NUTS 3 region (nama_10r_3gdp). Economy statistics and rankings

Business and tourism

Active enterprises in Essen, Kreisfreie Stadt were 19,877 in 2023, up 0.2% from 2022, and the 17th highest of 400 areas in Germany.

Active enterprises19,8772023Up 0.2% from 2022The 17th highest of 400 areas in Germany
Enterprise births1,9232023Down 1.3% from 2022The 13th highest of 400 areas in Germany
Enterprise birth rate9.67%2023Down 0.15 percentage points from 2022Tied for the 22nd highest of 400 areas in Germany
Enterprise death rate9.69%2023, provisionalUp 1.01 percentage points from 2022
Nights spent in tourist accommodation1.61 million2025Down 2.3% from 2024
Nights spent in tourist accommodation by non-residents (foreign guests)431,0722025Down 4.5% from 2024
19.6K19.7K19.7K19.8K19.8K19.9K19.9K2021202220232021: 19,638 count2022: 19,844 count2023: 19,877 count19.6K19.7K19.8K19.9K2021202220232021: 19,638 count2022: 19,844 count2023: 19,877 count
Active enterprises, 2021 to 2023. count. Source: Eurostat, European Commission, Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprises, number (bd_size_r).

Sources: Eurostat, European Commission, Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprises, number (bd_size_r); Eurostat, European Commission, Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise births, number (bd_size_r); Eurostat, European Commission, Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, birth rate, percentage of active enterprises (bd_size_r); Eurostat, European Commission, Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, death rate, percentage of active enterprises (bd_size_r); Eurostat, European Commission, Nights spent at tourist accommodation establishments by NUTS 2 and 3 region (tour_occ_nin2); Eurostat, European Commission, Nights spent at tourist accommodation establishments by NUTS 3 region, non-residents (foreign country of residence), hotels, holiday accommodation and campsites (tour_occ_nin2). Companies statistics and rankings

Sources and citations

Each figure comes from the table cited here. Cite the publisher; these citations include any notice the publisher requires.

  1. Eurostat. Population on 1 January by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_pjanaggr3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_pjanaggr3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  2. Eurostat. Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  3. Eurostat. Population structure indicators by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_pjanind3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_pjanind3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  4. Eurostat. Population density by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_d3dens). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_d3dens/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  5. Eurostat. Population change, net migration plus statistical adjustment, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  6. Eurostat. GDP at current market prices by NUTS 3 region (nama_10r_3gdp). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10r_3gdp/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  7. Eurostat. GDP at current market prices by NUTS 3 region, EUR per inhabitant (nama_10r_3gdp). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10r_3gdp/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  8. Eurostat. GDP per inhabitant in PPS, EU27 = 100, by NUTS 3 region (nama_10r_3gdp). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10r_3gdp/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  9. Eurostat. Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprises, number (bd_size_r). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd_size_r/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  10. Eurostat. Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise births, number (bd_size_r). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd_size_r/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  11. Eurostat. Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, birth rate, percentage of active enterprises (bd_size_r). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd_size_r/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  12. Eurostat. Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, death rate, percentage of active enterprises (bd_size_r). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd_size_r/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  13. Eurostat. Nights spent at tourist accommodation establishments by NUTS 2 and 3 region (tour_occ_nin2). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/tour_occ_nin2/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
  14. Eurostat. Nights spent at tourist accommodation establishments by NUTS 3 region, non-residents (foreign country of residence), hotels, holiday accommodation and campsites (tour_occ_nin2). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/tour_occ_nin2/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

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