Data / Eesti / Profile

Eesti in figures

A profile of Eesti from official statistics: 27 figures in 6 sections, each with its period, its change from a year earlier, its rank among similar places where a ranking exists, and its source.

Figures last updated on 2026-10-12.

People

Population in Eesti was 1.37 million in 2025, down 0.3% from 2024.

Population1.37 million2025Down 0.3% from 2024
Natural change rate-4.4 per 1,000 inhabitants2024Down 0.7 per 1,000 inhabitants from 2023
Median age43 years2025Up 0.4 years from 2024
Population aged 65 and over20.9%2025Up 0.4 percentage points from 2024
Population density31.8 inhabitants per km²2024Unchanged from 2023
Net migration including statistical adjustment1,3742024Compared with 13,856 in 2023
1.3M1.32M1.34M1.36M1.38M1.4M20012005200920132017202120252001: 1,392,720 persons2002: 1,383,510 persons2003: 1,375,190 persons2004: 1,366,250 persons2005: 1,358,850 persons2006: 1,350,700 persons2007: 1,342,920 persons2008: 1,338,440 persons2009: 1,335,740 persons2010: 1,333,290 persons2011: 1,329,660 persons2012: 1,325,217 persons2013: 1,320,169 persons2014: 1,315,819 persons2015: 1,313,271 persons2016: 1,315,944 persons2017: 1,315,635 persons2018: 1,319,133 persons2019: 1,324,820 persons2020: 1,328,889 persons2021: 1,330,068 persons2022: 1,331,796 persons2023: 1,365,884 persons2024: 1,374,687 persons2025: 1,369,995 persons
Population, 2001 to 2025. persons. Source: Eurostat, European Commission, Population on 1 January by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_pjanaggr3).

Sources: Eurostat, European Commission, Population on 1 January by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_pjanaggr3); Eurostat, European Commission, Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3); Eurostat, European Commission, Population structure indicators by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_pjanind3); Eurostat, European Commission, Population density by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_d3dens); Eurostat, European Commission, Population change, net migration plus statistical adjustment, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). Population and demography statistics and rankings

Work and income

Unemployment rate in Eesti was 7.5% in 2025, down 0.1 percentage points from 2024.

Unemployment rate7.5%2025Down 0.1 percentage points from 2024
Household disposable income per inhabitant€15,4002024Up 6.9% from 2023
Employment rate81.7%2025Down 0.1 percentage points from 2024
At-risk-of-poverty rate19.5%2025Down 0.7 percentage points from 2024
Activity rate81.7%2025Down 0.5 percentage points from 2024
2.557.51012.51517.520012005200920132017202120252001: 13.1 %2002: 10 %2003: 11.3 %2004: 10.2 %2005: 8 %2006: 5.9 %2007: 4.6 %2008: 5.5 %2009: 13.5 %2010: 16.7 %2011: 12.3 %2012: 10 %2013: 8.6 %2014: 7.4 %2015: 6.4 %2016: 6.9 %2017: 5.8 %2018: 5.4 %2019: 4.5 %2020: 7 %2021: 6.2 %2022: 5.6 %2023: 6.4 %2024: 7.6 %2025: 7.5 %
Unemployment rate, 2001 to 2025. %. Source: Eurostat, European Commission, Unemployment rates by NUTS 2 region (lfst_r_lfu3rt).

Sources: Eurostat, European Commission, Unemployment rates by NUTS 2 region (lfst_r_lfu3rt); Eurostat, European Commission, Income of households by NUTS 2 region, net disposable income, EUR per inhabitant (nama_10r_2hhinc); Eurostat, European Commission, Employment rates by NUTS 2 region, 20 to 64 (lfst_r_lfe2emprt); Eurostat, European Commission, At-risk-of-poverty rate by NUTS 2 region (ilc_li41); Eurostat, European Commission, Activity rates by NUTS 2 region, 15 to 64 (lfst_r_lfp2actrt). Labor market statistics and rankings

Economy

GDP (euros) in Eesti was €39.85 billion in 2024, up 3.9% from 2023.

Gross domestic product (GDP)€39.85 billion2024Up 3.9% from 2023
GDP per capita€29,0002024Up 3.2% from 2023
Real GDP growth-0.1%2024, estimatedUp 2.6 percentage points from 2023
GDP per capita in PPS (EU27 = 100)79%2024Down 1 percentage point from 2023
010K20K30K40K20002004200820122016202020242000: 6,172 EUR million2001: 6,982 EUR million2002: 7,825 EUR million2003: 8,747 EUR million2004: 9,780 EUR million2005: 11,345 EUR million2006: 13,571 EUR million2007: 16,402 EUR million2008: 16,619 EUR million2009: 14,133 EUR million2010: 14,742 EUR million2011: 16,742 EUR million2012: 18,087 EUR million2013: 19,163 EUR million2014: 20,366 EUR million2015: 21,011 EUR million2016: 22,189 EUR million2017: 24,316 EUR million2018: 26,438 EUR million2019: 28,472 EUR million2020: 27,859 EUR million2021: 31,453 EUR million2022: 36,301 EUR million2023: 38,353 EUR million2024: 39,848 EUR million
Gross domestic product (GDP), 2000 to 2024. EUR million. Source: Eurostat, European Commission, GDP at current market prices by NUTS 3 region (nama_10r_3gdp).

Sources: Eurostat, European Commission, GDP at current market prices by NUTS 3 region (nama_10r_3gdp); Eurostat, European Commission, GDP at current market prices by NUTS 3 region, EUR per inhabitant (nama_10r_3gdp); Eurostat, European Commission, GDP in volume by NUTS 2 region, percentage change on previous year (nama_10r_2gvagr); Eurostat, European Commission, GDP per inhabitant in PPS, EU27 = 100, by NUTS 3 region (nama_10r_3gdp). Economy statistics and rankings

Consumers

Severe material and social deprivation rate in Eesti was 3.5% in 2025, up 0.4 percentage points from 2024.

Severe material and social deprivation rate3.5%2025Up 0.4 percentage points from 2024
People who bought online in the last 12 months76.5%2025Up 3.5 percentage points from 2024
1234562014201620182020202220252014: 5.8 %2015: 3.5 %2016: 2.2 %2017: 4 %2018: 3.1 %2019: 2.6 %2020: 2.3 %2021: 1.9 %2022: 3.3 %2023: 2.5 %2024: 3.1 %2025: 3.5 %
Severe material and social deprivation rate, 2014 to 2025. %. Source: Eurostat, European Commission, Severe material and social deprivation rate by NUTS 2 region (ilc_mdsd18).

Sources: Eurostat, European Commission, Severe material and social deprivation rate by NUTS 2 region (ilc_mdsd18); Eurostat, European Commission, Individuals who ordered goods or services over the internet for private use in the last 12 months by NUTS 2 region (isoc_r_blt12_i). Economy statistics and rankings

Business and tourism

Active enterprises in Eesti were 165,163 in 2023, up 7.3% from 2022.

Active enterprises165,1632023Up 7.3% from 2022
Enterprise births23,5442023Down 8% from 2022
Enterprise birth rate14.26%2023Down 2.37 percentage points from 2022
Enterprise death rate27.48%2023, provisionalUp 18.57 percentage points from 2022
Nights spent in tourist accommodation6.72 million2025Up 1.1% from 2024
Nights spent in tourist accommodation by non-residents (foreign guests)3.8 million2025Up 3.5% from 2024
130K140K150K160K170K2021202220232021: 136,867 count2022: 153,907 count2023: 165,163 count
Active enterprises, 2021 to 2023. count. Source: Eurostat, European Commission, Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprises, number (bd_size_r).

Sources: Eurostat, European Commission, Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprises, number (bd_size_r); Eurostat, European Commission, Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise births, number (bd_size_r); Eurostat, European Commission, Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, birth rate, percentage of active enterprises (bd_size_r); Eurostat, European Commission, Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, death rate, percentage of active enterprises (bd_size_r); Eurostat, European Commission, Nights spent at tourist accommodation establishments by NUTS 2 and 3 region (tour_occ_nin2); Eurostat, European Commission, Nights spent at tourist accommodation establishments by NUTS 3 region, non-residents (foreign country of residence), hotels, holiday accommodation and campsites (tour_occ_nin2). Companies statistics and rankings

Health

Life expectancy in Eesti was 79.4 years in 2024, up 0.5 years from 2023.

Life expectancy at birth79.4 years2024Up 0.5 years from 2023
Infant mortality rate1.4 per 1,000 live births2024Down 0.3 per 1,000 live births from 2023
Age-standardised death rate, all causes1,106 per 100,000 people2023Down 114.1 per 100,000 people from 2022
Road deaths per million inhabitants50 per million inhabitants2024Up 7 per million inhabitants from 2023
70727476788020002004200820122016202020242000: 71.1 years2001: 70.9 years2002: 71.4 years2003: 71.9 years2004: 72.4 years2005: 73 years2006: 73.2 years2007: 73.2 years2008: 74.4 years2009: 75.3 years2010: 76 years2011: 76.6 years2012: 76.7 years2013: 77.5 years2014: 77.1 years2015: 77.7 years2016: 77.8 years2017: 78.2 years2018: 78.4 years2019: 78.8 years2020: 78.8 years2021: 77.2 years2022: 78.1 years2023: 78.9 years2024: 79.4 years
Life expectancy at birth, 2000 to 2024. years. Source: Eurostat, European Commission, Life expectancy by NUTS 2 region (demo_r_mlifexp).

Sources: Eurostat, European Commission, Life expectancy by NUTS 2 region (demo_r_mlifexp); Eurostat, European Commission, Infant mortality rates by NUTS 2 region (demo_r_minfind); Eurostat, European Commission, Causes of death, standardised death rate by NUTS 2 region of residence, [object Object], ICD-10 TOTAL (hlth_cd_asdr2); Eurostat, European Commission, Victims in road accidents by NUTS 2 region, killed per million inhabitants (tran_r_acci). Health statistics and rankings

Sources and citations

Each figure comes from the table cited here. Cite the publisher; these citations include any notice the publisher requires.

  1. Eurostat. Population on 1 January by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_pjanaggr3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_pjanaggr3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  2. Eurostat. Population change, crude rate of natural change of population, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  3. Eurostat. Population structure indicators by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_pjanind3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_pjanind3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  4. Eurostat. Population density by NUTS 3 region (demo_r_d3dens). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_d3dens/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  5. Eurostat. Population change, net migration plus statistical adjustment, by NUTS 2 and 3 region (demo_r_gind3). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_gind3/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  6. Eurostat. Unemployment rates by NUTS 2 region (lfst_r_lfu3rt). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/lfst_r_lfu3rt/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  7. Eurostat. Income of households by NUTS 2 region, net disposable income, EUR per inhabitant (nama_10r_2hhinc). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10r_2hhinc/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
  8. Eurostat. Employment rates by NUTS 2 region, 20 to 64 (lfst_r_lfe2emprt). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/lfst_r_lfe2emprt/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  9. Eurostat. At-risk-of-poverty rate by NUTS 2 region (ilc_li41). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_li41/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  10. Eurostat. Activity rates by NUTS 2 region, 15 to 64 (lfst_r_lfp2actrt). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/lfst_r_lfp2actrt/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  11. Eurostat. GDP at current market prices by NUTS 3 region (nama_10r_3gdp). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10r_3gdp/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  12. Eurostat. GDP at current market prices by NUTS 3 region, EUR per inhabitant (nama_10r_3gdp). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10r_3gdp/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  13. Eurostat. GDP in volume by NUTS 2 region, percentage change on previous year (nama_10r_2gvagr). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10r_2gvagr/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-09.
  14. Eurostat. GDP per inhabitant in PPS, EU27 = 100, by NUTS 3 region (nama_10r_3gdp). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10r_3gdp/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  15. Eurostat. Severe material and social deprivation rate by NUTS 2 region (ilc_mdsd18). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_mdsd18/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  16. Eurostat. Individuals who ordered goods or services over the internet for private use in the last 12 months by NUTS 2 region (isoc_r_blt12_i). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/isoc_r_blt12_i/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  17. Eurostat. Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprises, number (bd_size_r). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd_size_r/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  18. Eurostat. Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, enterprise births, number (bd_size_r). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd_size_r/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  19. Eurostat. Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, birth rate, percentage of active enterprises (bd_size_r). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd_size_r/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  20. Eurostat. Business demography by size class and NUTS 3 region, industry, construction and market services, all size classes, death rate, percentage of active enterprises (bd_size_r). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/bd_size_r/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  21. Eurostat. Nights spent at tourist accommodation establishments by NUTS 2 and 3 region (tour_occ_nin2). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/tour_occ_nin2/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  22. Eurostat. Nights spent at tourist accommodation establishments by NUTS 3 region, non-residents (foreign country of residence), hotels, holiday accommodation and campsites (tour_occ_nin2). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/tour_occ_nin2/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  23. Eurostat. Life expectancy by NUTS 2 region (demo_r_mlifexp). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_mlifexp/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-08.
  24. Eurostat. Infant mortality rates by NUTS 2 region (demo_r_minfind). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_r_minfind/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  25. Eurostat. Causes of death, standardised death rate by NUTS 2 region of residence, [object Object], ICD-10 TOTAL (hlth_cd_asdr2). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/hlth_cd_asdr2/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
  26. Eurostat. Victims in road accidents by NUTS 2 region, killed per million inhabitants (tran_r_acci). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/tran_r_acci/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

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