Data / Job destruction rate / United States

Job destruction rate in United States

Job destruction rate in the United States was 11.059% in 2023, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. That is down 0.09 pts from 2022.

202311.059%
Change on 2022-0.09 pts
Series high18.7842002
Series low10.3492019

Next release: Sunday, 26 September 2027, estimated by Invokely from past publication dates (low confidence), not announced by the publisher. Release calendar

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Job destruction rate in United States, 1978 to 2023

10121416182019781985199219992006201320231978: 13.406 %1979: 12.977 %1980: 15.195 %1981: 15.096 %1982: 16.657 %1983: 17.593 %1984: 13.073 %1985: 14.999 %1986: 15.399 %1987: 17.213 %1988: 16.05 %1989: 14.869 %1990: 14.394 %1991: 17.522 %1992: 16.007 %1993: 14.407 %1994: 13.821 %1995: 12.899 %1996: 14.049 %1997: 15.178 %1998: 13.787 %1999: 14.422 %2000: 13.608 %2001: 15.424 %2002: 18.784 %2003: 15.178 %2004: 13.871 %2005: 13.741 %2006: 12.808 %2007: 14.913 %2008: 14.307 %2009: 16.772 %2010: 14.052 %2011: 11.749 %2012: 11.634 %2013: 11.443 %2014: 10.968 %2015: 10.837 %2016: 10.876 %2017: 11.951 %2018: 11.142 %2019: 10.349 %2020: 11.326 %2021: 15.837 %2022: 11.153 %2023: 11.059 %1012.51517.52019781994201020231978: 13.406 %1979: 12.977 %1980: 15.195 %1981: 15.096 %1982: 16.657 %1983: 17.593 %1984: 13.073 %1985: 14.999 %1986: 15.399 %1987: 17.213 %1988: 16.05 %1989: 14.869 %1990: 14.394 %1991: 17.522 %1992: 16.007 %1993: 14.407 %1994: 13.821 %1995: 12.899 %1996: 14.049 %1997: 15.178 %1998: 13.787 %1999: 14.422 %2000: 13.608 %2001: 15.424 %2002: 18.784 %2003: 15.178 %2004: 13.871 %2005: 13.741 %2006: 12.808 %2007: 14.913 %2008: 14.307 %2009: 16.772 %2010: 14.052 %2011: 11.749 %2012: 11.634 %2013: 11.443 %2014: 10.968 %2015: 10.837 %2016: 10.876 %2017: 11.951 %2018: 11.142 %2019: 10.349 %2020: 11.326 %2021: 15.837 %2022: 11.153 %2023: 11.059 %
%. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Business Dynamics Statistics: job destruction rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010. Retrieved 2026-10-12, published 2025-09-25.
All 46 values
Period%
202311.059
202211.153
202115.837
202011.326
201910.349
201811.142
201711.951
201610.876
201510.837
201410.968
201311.443
201211.634
201111.749
201014.052
200916.772
200814.307
200714.913
200612.808
200513.741
200413.871
200315.178
200218.784
200115.424
200013.608
199914.422
199813.787
199715.178
199614.049
199512.899
199413.821
199314.407
199216.007
199117.522
199014.394
198914.869
198816.05
198717.213
198615.399
198514.999
198413.073
198317.593
198216.657
198115.096
198015.195
197912.977
197813.406

Rankings

Definition

Jobs lost at closing and shrinking establishments during the year, as a percentage of average employment in the two years. United States: Census Bureau Business Dynamics Statistics.

A gross flow: jobs added elsewhere are not subtracted, so the net change is job_creation_rate minus this rate. Not a layoff rate: it counts positions lost at establishments, not people who lost a job. The year is the twelve months to March: 2023 compares March 2022 with March 2023.

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How to cite

U.S. Census Bureau. Business Dynamics Statistics: job destruction rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/bds/tables/time-series/2023/bds2023.csv. Retrieved 2026-10-12.

Citation styles

The publisher is the author. Invokely is named only as the place the figures were read, where a style asks for it.

APA 7

U.S. Census Bureau. (2025). Business Dynamics Statistics: job destruction rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010 (Job destruction rate, United States, 1978 to 2023) [Data set]. Retrieved October 12, 2026, from https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/bds/tables/time-series/2023/bds2023.csv

MLA 9

Business Dynamics Statistics: job destruction rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010, Job destruction rate, United States, 1978 to 2023. U.S. Census Bureau, 25 Sept. 2025, https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/bds/tables/time-series/2023/bds2023.csv. Invokely, https://invokely.ai/en/job-destruction-rate/united-states. Accessed 12 Oct. 2026.

Chicago (author-date)

U.S. Census Bureau. 2025. Business Dynamics Statistics: job destruction rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010. Job destruction rate, United States, 1978 to 2023. Dataset. Accessed October 12, 2026. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/bds/tables/time-series/2023/bds2023.csv. Also distributed by Invokely, https://invokely.ai/en/job-destruction-rate/united-states.

Harvard

U.S. Census Bureau (2025) Business Dynamics Statistics: job destruction rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010, Job destruction rate, United States, 1978 to 2023 [Dataset]. Available at: https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/bds/tables/time-series/2023/bds2023.csv, via Invokely: https://invokely.ai/en/job-destruction-rate/united-states (Accessed: 12 October 2026).

BibTeX
@misc{census_job_destruction_rate_united_2023,
  author = {{U.S. Census Bureau}},
  title = {{Business Dynamics Statistics: job destruction rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010: Job destruction rate, United States, 1978 to 2023}},
  year = {2025},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  url = {https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/bds/tables/time-series/2023/bds2023.csv},
  urldate = {2026-10-12},
  note = {Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/en/job-destruction-rate/united-states. Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Business Dynamics Statistics: job destruction rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/bds/tables/time-series/2023/bds2023.csv. Retrieved 2026-10-12.},
}
RIS
TY  - DATA
AU  - U.S. Census Bureau
TI  - Business Dynamics Statistics: job destruction rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010: Job destruction rate, United States, 1978 to 2023
PY  - 2025
DA  - 2025/09/25
PB  - U.S. Census Bureau
DB  - Invokely
UR  - https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/bds/tables/time-series/2023/bds2023.csv
L2  - https://invokely.ai/en/job-destruction-rate/united-states
Y2  - 2026/10/12
N1  - Accessed via Invokely, https://invokely.ai/en/job-destruction-rate/united-states.
N1  - Publisher attribution: U.S. Census Bureau. Business Dynamics Statistics: job destruction rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/bds/tables/time-series/2023/bds2023.csv. Retrieved 2026-10-12.
ER  -
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Questions

What is the job destruction rate in United States?

Job destruction rate in the United States was 11.059% in 2023, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. That is down 0.09 pts from 2022.

Where does this figure come from?

U.S. Census Bureau. Business Dynamics Statistics: job destruction rate, all covered industries, nation and states from 1978, counties from 2010. Retrieved by Invokely on 2026-10-12.

What was the highest job destruction rate in United States?

18.784% in 2002, the highest value since 1978 in this series.

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