Gender pay gap (unadjusted)
Difference between the average gross hourly earnings of men and of women, as a percentage of men's average gross hourly earnings. Employees in enterprises with 10 or more employees, in industry, construction and services except public administration and defence (NACE Rev. 2 B to S without O).
Unadjusted: it compares averages for all women and all men and does not account for differences in occupation, sector, hours or experience. A negative value means women earn more per hour on average. Built from the four-yearly Structure of Earnings Survey (2010, 2014, 2018, 2022), with national estimates for the years in between; the latest year is usually provisional.
Key facts
- Gender pay gap (unadjusted) in the European Union (27) was 11.1% in 2024, according to Eurostat, European Commission.
- Estonia had the highest gender pay gap (unadjusted) of 27 EU countries in 2024, at 18.8%, and Luxembourg the lowest, at -0.8%. Source: Eurostat, European Commission.
- Published for 28 places, with figures from 2007 to 2024.
Rankings
EU countries by gender pay gap (unadjusted), 2024
Places with data
World, EU and euro area
Countries
- Germany
- France
- Italy
- Spain
- Poland
- Romania
- Netherlands
- Belgium
- Czechia
- Portugal
- Slovenia
- Estonia
- Finland
- Croatia
- Denmark
- Latvia
Use this data in your AI agent
Invokely serves this figure to AI assistants through MCP and to code through a REST API, with the source and citation attached. Ask your assistant:
Which places have the highest gender pay gap (unadjusted)? Use official data and cite it.
rank_places {"indicator":"gender_pay_gap","level":"country","within":"European Union (27)"}
GET https://invokely.ai/api/v1/rank?indicator=gender_pay_gap&level=country&within=European%20Union%20(27)