# R&D expenditure share of GDP in Pohjois- ja Itä-Suomi

R&D expenditure share of GDP in Pohjois- ja Itä-Suomi was 2.75% of GDP in 2024. Source: Eurostat, European Commission.

- Indicator id: `rd_expenditure_gdp_share`
- Place id: `fi-nuts-fi1d`
- Unit: % of GDP
- Definition: Gross domestic expenditure on research and experimental development (GERD) by all sectors (businesses, government, higher education and private non-profit institutions) as a percentage of gross domestic product. Regions are measured against their own regional GDP.
- Note: Measured following the OECD Frascati Manual. The EU set a target of 3% of GDP. Eurostat estimates the EU total, and some national years are estimated or provisional.
- Source: Eurostat, European Commission, Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD) by NUTS 2 region, all sectors, percentage of GDP (rd_e_gerdreg) (https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/rd_e_gerdreg/default/table)
- Publisher page: https://invokely.ai/en/publishers/eurostat
- Retrieved: 2026-10-18
- License: Eurostat reuse policy (commercial and non-commercial reuse, attribution required)
- Citation: Eurostat. Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD) by NUTS 2 region, all sectors, percentage of GDP (rd_e_gerdreg). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/rd_e_gerdreg/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-18.
- Web page: https://invokely.ai/en/rd-expenditure-gdp-share/pohjois-ja-ita-suomi-fi1d
- API: https://invokely.ai/api/v1/series?indicator=rd_expenditure_gdp_share&place=fi-nuts-fi1d

| Period | % of GDP |
|---|---:|
| 2024 | 2.75 |
| 2023 | 2.78 |
| 2022 | 2.74 |
| 2021 | 2.78 |
| 2020 | 2.69 |
| 2019 | 2.58 |
| 2018 | 2.6 |
| 2017 | 2.57 |
| 2016 | 2.47 |
| 2015 | 2.49 |
| 2013 | 3.08 |
| 2012 | 3.37 |
| 2011 | 3.63 |
| 2010 | 3.68 |
| 2009 | 4.02 |
| 2008 | 3.64 |
| 2007 | 3.46 |
| 2006 | 3.11 |
| 2005 | 3.13 |
| 2004 | 3.08 |
| 2003 | 3.04 |
| 2002 | 2.82 |
| 2001 | 2.76 |
| 2000 | 2.7 |