# R&D expenditure share of GDP in Italy

R&D expenditure share of GDP in Italy was 1.41% of GDP in 2024. Source: Eurostat, European Commission.

- Indicator id: `rd_expenditure_gdp_share`
- Place id: `it`
- Unit: % of GDP
- Definition: Gross domestic expenditure on research and experimental development (GERD) by all sectors (businesses, government, higher education and private non-profit institutions) as a percentage of gross domestic product. Regions are measured against their own regional GDP.
- Note: Measured following the OECD Frascati Manual. The EU set a target of 3% of GDP. Eurostat estimates the EU total, and some national years are estimated or provisional.
- Source: Eurostat, European Commission, Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD), all sectors, percentage of GDP (rd_e_gerdtot) (https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/rd_e_gerdtot/default/table)
- Publisher page: https://invokely.ai/en/publishers/eurostat
- Retrieved: 2026-10-18
- License: Eurostat reuse policy (commercial and non-commercial reuse, attribution required)
- Citation: Eurostat. Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD), all sectors, percentage of GDP (rd_e_gerdtot). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/rd_e_gerdtot/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-18.
- Web page: https://invokely.ai/en/rd-expenditure-gdp-share/italy
- API: https://invokely.ai/api/v1/series?indicator=rd_expenditure_gdp_share&place=it

| Period | % of GDP |
|---|---:|
| 2024 | 1.41 |
| 2023 | 1.37 |
| 2022 | 1.37 |
| 2021 | 1.41 |
| 2020 | 1.5 |
| 2019 | 1.46 |
| 2018 | 1.42 |
| 2017 | 1.36 |
| 2016 | 1.36 (break) |
| 2015 | 1.33 |
| 2014 | 1.33 (estimated) |
| 2013 | 1.29 |
| 2012 | 1.26 |
| 2011 | 1.2 |
| 2010 | 1.21 |
| 2009 | 1.21 |
| 2008 | 1.16 |
| 2007 | 1.12 |
| 2006 | 1.08 |
| 2005 | 1.04 |
| 2004 | 1.05 |
| 2003 | 1.06 |
| 2002 | 1.08 |
| 2001 | 1.04 |
| 2000 | 1 |
| 1999 | 0.98 |
| 1998 | 1 |
| 1997 | 0.99 (break) |
| 1996 | 0.94 |
| 1995 | 0.93 |