# Greenhouse gas emissions

Total greenhouse gas emissions in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent: carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and fluorinated gases, including indirect CO2. National inventory reported to the UNFCCC (and, for EU members, to the EU): the seven Kyoto gases weighted by their 100-year global warming potential. Land use, land use change and forestry (LULUCF) and international aviation and shipping are not included.

## Key facts

- Greenhouse gas emissions in the European Union (27) was 3,017.19 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent in 2024, according to Eurostat, European Commission.
- Germany had the highest greenhouse gas emissions of 27 EU countries in 2024, at 649.77 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent, and Malta the lowest, at 2.17 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent. Source: Eurostat, European Commission.
- Published for 42 places, with figures from 1990 to 2024.
- Figures last updated on 2026-10-12.

- Indicator id: `ghg_emissions_total`
- Unit: million tonnes of CO2 equivalent
- Note: Covers all greenhouse gases, so it is higher than energy_co2_emissions, which counts CO2 from energy use only. The EU climate targets also count international aviation and LULUCF, which this total leaves out. Each annual submission recalculates the whole series back to 1990, so past values change between releases.
- Web page: https://invokely.ai/en/greenhouse-gas-emissions
- API: https://invokely.ai/api/v1/indicators/ghg_emissions_total

## Latest figures

| Place | Period | million tonnes of CO2 equivalent | Source |
|---|---|---:|---|
| European Union (27) | 2024 | 3,017.19 | European Environment Agency (EEA), national greenhouse gas inventories reported under the EU Governance Regulation, as published by Eurostat. Greenhouse gas emissions by source sector, total excluding LULUCF and memo items, million tonnes of CO2 equivalent (env_air_gge, source: EEA). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/env_air_gge/default/table. Retrieved 2026-10-12. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. |

## Rankings

- [EU countries](https://invokely.ai/rankings/greenhouse-gas-emissions/eu-countries.md) (27 places)